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Angela deals with intense loneliness following the end of her relationship with Roger. She thinks about putting down roots, and rather than craving independence and freedom, she now praises what she perceives as her sister Jinny’s strengths—“leading an utterly open life” (243). Still Angela fails to grasp the source of her problems: “Where did the fault lie? Not, certainly, in her determination to pass from one race to the other” (243). She believes that perhaps she has been too practical with her choice of friends.
In the end, she realizes that only Anthony and Rachel Salting remain in her life, and she cultivates a deeper friendship with Rachel. She finds the comfort of this friendship brings her an uncomplicated happiness for a time.
Suddenly, Rachel is offered a promotion to head librarian in a Brooklyn suburb, so Angela is again plunged into loneliness. She realizes how much she misses her sister and decides to try to reconcile, traveling between the world of her white friends and job in the Village and the Black world of Jinny’s Harlem. Angela thinks her two identities can coexist: “when it seemed best to be coloured she would be coloured; when it was best to be white she would be that” (253).
Angela visits Virginia, finding her in high spirits, and they reunite. Jinny hints that she has important news, but that it will have to wait until she returns from a planned visit back home to Philadelphia; she promises to write her sister a letter. While Jinny is out of the room, however, her friends confide to Angela that Virginia is so happy because she is engaged. Angela is ecstatic, assuming Virginia’s fiancé is their childhood friend, Matthew.
Another wealthy white man, Ralph Ashley, takes Angela out on a date, but when she refuses to invite him into her apartment, he calls her “a witch” (260) in a menacing voice and implies that she regularly engages in sexual behavior with men. She manages to close the door on him. Roger, she thinks, “had taught her an unforgettable lesson” (260).
With Virginia in Philadelphia and happily engaged, Angela thinks about her own prospects, and her mind keeps returning to Anthony. She worries about the problem of race, until she recalls that she has never heard Anthony utter a racial slur, and that he is from Brazil, with its mix of races and lack of prejudice. Anthony attended the Van Mier lecture, as well.
Ralph Ashley makes amends for his appalling behavior, and she spends some more time in his social circle, but does not feel at home; even the lavish meals at the Algonquin (an elite hotel for white high society) do not impress her any longer, and Ashley’s retiring nature leaves her indifferent. Angela’s sense of discontent grows: “she was conscious of living in an atmosphere of falseness, of tangled implications” (271). The only solution, she finally reasons, is to reconcile with Anthony: “To be poor with Anthony; to struggle with him; to help him keep his secret vow [to art]; to win his surprised and generous approbation […] life could hold nothing more pleasing than these possibilities” (272).
Angela sends Anthony a note, inviting him to tea; he comes, but he is curiously morose about their meeting, saying he will not come again. As he leaves, he calls her “Angel” and promises that he will always love her. Yet, he keeps his promise and does not return despite Angela’s entreaties.
After ten days, she decides to simply show up on his doorstep; her determination that she loves him and that they are meant to be together is too strong to relinquish now. He is surprised, even angry, at her appearance, which she mistakes for a lack of true feelings for her. But the truth is even more complicated: Anthony reveals that he is Black, expecting Angela to reject him immediately. When she does not, he tells her his actual life story: His father was a sailor from Georgia, who met and married a Brazilian woman, Anthony’s mother. In Georgia, his beautiful mother attracted the attention of the mayor’s son, who, upon learning she was married to a Black man, insulted her. She slapped him across the face, which led to a horrifying and extreme reaction from the white inhabitants of town: Anthony’s father was shot and mutilated in retaliation.
From then on, his mother was afraid—not of white people, shockingly—but of Black people, because they incur such hatred in white people. She married a white man from Germany and abandoned Anthony. This story only increases Angela’s love and commitment to Anthony, and she resolves to tell him the truth about her own origins.
Before Angela has the opportunity to tell Anthony her truth, he writes her to say that they can never be together: “More than race divides us.” Confused, Angela returns to him, even after he asks her not to do so, and finally blurts out that she, too, is only passing as white. He appears even more anguished at her admission, which she mistakes for anger at her deception. However, Anthony finally reveals the real complication: He is already engaged to another woman.
Had he known that Angela loved him, he would never have moved on to another, but now he cannot honorably break the engagement. He believes that if he breaks it off with his fiancée, she will surely die from the shock. When Anthony relates the story of how he met the young woman, it is with dawning horror that Angela realizes that the woman is her sister, Virginia. Anthony met Virginia right after Angela snubbed her in front of Roger; she was despondent, and Anthony believes he saved her. Angela does not want to rob Jinny of happiness—she has done too much to hurt her already—so Angela leaves Anthony, expecting never to see him again.
Angela tries to take solace in her friendship with Rachel, but even this small consolation is disrupted by Rachel’s distressing news: she is not to marry her beloved John. His parents do not approve because he is a gentile, while Rachel is Jewish. Angela tries to commiserate by saying that this disapproval is as arbitrary as the socially constructed strictures (not to mention legal statutes) against interracial marriage. Rachel replies in astonishment that she would never marry a Black person, using a racial slur. Angela bursts into hysterical laughter, and the friendship comes to an end.
Virginia returns from Philadelphia full of wonderful stories about home—especially of Matthew—and reveals that she still loves him, not Anthony. Angela is struck by the bitter ironies of life, but resolved to make the best of it. Roger returns, asking her to reconsider the relationship, but she will not be moved: She cannot imagine life with anyone but Anthony and now knows that Roger is untrustworthy.
She briefly considers Ralph Ashley as a prospect after discovering that he is more open-minded about race that Roger. She returns to Harlem, deciding that she would no longer work so hard to create barriers between herself and her race. Visiting a hairdresser in Harlem, she admires a Black woman from Texas “as the epitome of the iron and blood in a race which did not know how to let go of life” (328).
Angela’s new desire to put down roots and forget her demands for an ill-defined kind of freedom, showcase her evolving maturity: “It would be nice to stay put, rooted; to have friends, experiences, memories” (240). Like other coming-of-age protagonists, Angela grows and changes as her life experiences broaden her perspective and reveal different alternatives. Yet, her inability to accept that passing causes her rootlessness also reveals that she is still too alienated from herself to realize that the loss of community and authenticity is exactly what is holding her back. She decides, instead, that she will pass when circumstances require it, and identify as Black when she wishes; her identity is still in flux.
Angela still justifies her decision to pass as a necessity: “Everybody who survives at all is selfish, it is one of the prerequisites of survival” (308), self-centered reasoning that bolsters her belief that “[i]n ‘passing’ from one race to the other she had done no harm to anyone. Indeed she had been forced to take this action” (308). On the one hand, this allows Angela to conveniently forget her unacceptable treatment of her own sister, her literal self-destruction, not to mention her ethically compromised relationship with an outspoken racist. On the other hand, as the author makes clear throughout the book, the practice of passing does not harm others: Racial distinction derives from an irrational social prejudice, not from any real and meaningful difference. Angela has seen this firsthand, having been treated both as a Black person and as a white person. From her disrupted friendship with young Mary Hastings at school, to Rachel Salting’s disconcerting response to the idea of interracial marriage, Angela has witnessed how whites express their prejudice against Blacks to each other.
One of the novel’s themes is art; Angela’s creative drive, though secondary to the plot’s romantic entanglements, nevertheless enriches Angela’s inner life. It is telling that Angela excels at portraiture—she is a detail-oriented observer of people, whose powers of scrutiny have been honed by the demands of passing. To be a gifted portraitist means truthful representing subjects’ identities, personalities, and emotions—an ironic skill, given Angela’s life in hiding. During Anthony’s final visit to Angela, he glimpses a sketch she has been working on: “figures passing apparently in review before the tall, cloaked form of a woman, thin to emaciation, her hands on her bony hips, slightly bent forward, laughing uproariously yet with a certain chilling malevolence” (280). Angela has named the tall woman Life; she “laughs at the poor people who fall into the traps which she sets for us” (280). This is symbolic of every conflict in Angela’s life: her hopeless romantic situation, wherein her sister loves another man while engaged to the man she herself loves; the bitterness of the conundrum that passing offers her, where only by embracing inauthenticity can she achieve her goals; the irony that if Angela and Anthony had not both been passing, they would likely have ended up together.
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